In this page you find:
The status menu provides a set of pages that display information in both textual and graphic views about various daemons and services running on the Endian Hotspot Appliance. No configuration option is available in this module, which only shows the current and recent status of the Endian Hotspot Appliance.
The following items appear in the sub-menu on the left-hand side of the screen, each giving detailed status information on some functionalities of the Endian Hotspot Appliance:
System status - services, resources, uptime, kernel
Network status - configuration of network interfaces, routing table, ARP cache
System graphs - graphs of resource usage
Traffic Graphs - graphs of bandwidth usage
Proxy graphs - graph of HTTP proxy access statistics in the last 24 hours (week, month, and year)
Connections - list of all open TCP/IP connections
OpenVPN connections - list of all OpenVPN connections
Mail queue - SMTP server’s mail queue
The default page that opens when clicking on Menubar ‣ Status is the System status page, which gives a quick overview of the running services, memory, disk usage, uptime and users, loaded modules, and the kernel version, each in its own box. At the top of the page, there are hyperlinks to each box. In more details, these are the information presented in each box, which are usually the output of some Linux command.
The status -marked as either Stopped or Running by a red or green square- of each service installed on the Endian Hotspot Appliance is shown here. A service might appear as stopped because the corresponding daemon or script is not enabled.
The output of the Linux free command supplies the data shown here. All data are represented with the real amount in kilobytes, and with a bar to ease the visualisation of the memory used. The first line shows the total used RAM memory, for which is normal to be close to 100% for a long time running system, since the Linux kernel uses all available RAM as disk cache to speed up I/O operations. The second line shows the memory actually used by processes: Ideally this value should be below 80% to keep some memory available for disk caching. If this value approaches 100%, the system will slow down because active processes are swapped to disk. If the memory usage remains for long periods of time over 80%, RAM should be added to improve performances. The third bar indicates the swap usage. For a long running system it is normal to see moderate swap usage (the value should be below 20%), especially if not all the services are used all the time.
The output of the Linux df command shows the disk devices -phisycal disks and partitions, their mount point and the space of each disk partition. Depending on the type of the Endian Hotspot Appliance, the data displayed in this box differ. Usually, they are:
The main disk /dev/hda1.
The data disk /dev/mapper/local-var.
The configuration disk, where all the Endian Hotspot Appliance settings are stored
/dev/mapper/local-config.
The log disk /dev/mapper/local-log.
The shared memory, /dev/shm/.
Note
The data disk and the log disk may grow over time, so there should be reserved enough space for them - especially the log disk. Remember also that disks shall never be full above the 95%, since this may hinder the correct working of the system.
This box shows the output of the Linux w command, which reports the current time, information about how long the system has been running since last reboot, the number of console users that are currently logged into the system (though normally there should be none) and the system load average for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes. Additionally, if any console user is logged into the system, some information about the user is displayed (like the remote host from which she is logged in or what is she doing). More details can be found on the w(1) manual page.
The output of the Linux lsmod command. It shows the kernel modules currently loaded into memory. This information should be useful to advanced users only.
The output of the Linux uname -r command, which shows the current kernel version.
This page contains several information about the running state of the network interfaces. Four boxes are present on the page, and, like for the System status, hyperlinks are provided at the top of the page for a quicker access. The boxes contain the following information, representing the output of different shell commands.
The first box reports the output of the ip addr show command which provides for each network interface the associated MAC address, IP address, and additional communication parameters. The active interfaces are highlighted with the colour of the zone they are serving. The interface can be an ethernet interfaces, a bridge, or a virtual device.
The running configuration and capabilities of each of the NIC are shown here. Each interface is highlighted with the colour of the zone it is serving and is labelled as [Link OK] to indicate that it is working. Interfaces that are not used are labelled with ‘[NO Link]’. The command providing the output is ip link show.
The kernel routing table, as provided by the route -n command. Typically, there should be one line per active interface, which correctly routes the traffic within the zones served by the Endian Hotspot Appliance, plus a default route (recognisable by the 0.0.0.0 Destination field) that allow the traffic to reach the Internet.
The last box shows the output of the arp -n command and shows the ARP table, i.e., a table containing the MAC address associated to each known IP address in the local network.
The graphs displayed in this page present the usage of resources during the last 24 hours: CPU, memory, swap, and disk usage, each accompanied with a legend of the data included in the graph, their associated colour, and a summary of the maximum, average, and current percentage of use. Moreover, a message informs of the time and date of the last update to the graphs, which matches the last access to the page.
When clicking on one of the graphs, a new page will open, with summaries of the usage graphs for the last day, week, month, and year. In these pages, a click on the BACK button allows to return to the previous page.
Note
The nan (short for “Not A Number”) string that may appear in the summaries designate that there is not enough data to calculate the usage of the selected resource. It can appear for example in the “per year usage” when the Endian Hotspot Appliance is used for only a few weeks.
In this box is shown the CPU usage per day of the Endian Hotspot Appliance, measured in percentage of the CPU time used by the various processes. The output is provided by the top command. Different colors are used to denote the type of running processes:
White - idle, i.e., time the CPU is not used by any process.
Green - nice processes, i.e., user processes which have changed their default priority.
Blue - user processes with default priority.
Orange - time spent by the CPU waiting for I/O tasks to complete.
Red - system (kernel) processes
Pink - softirq, i.e., the time spent for software interrupts
Brown - interrupt, i.e., is the time spent for hardware interrupts
Black - steal meaningful only if running as a virtual machine, is the time used by the hypervisor to run the VM.
This graph shows the memory usage during the last 24 hours. The following colours are used to denote the types of memory:
Green - unallocated memory, that can be allocated to new processes.
Blue - cache memory, copy of recent data used by processes.
Orange - buffer memory, a temporary portion of memory that stores data to be sent to -or received from- external devices.
Red - used memory.
The usage of the swap area, located on the hard disk, is displayed in this box.
Green - unallocated swap.
Blue - cached swap.
Red - swap space used.
Graphs showing the usage of the disk are split into four boxes, each showing the usage of a partition. In each of them, the green colour shows the free space, while the red colour shows the disk space used.
The four boxes show the free and allocated space in the four hard disk’s partitions: Main disk, configuration disk, log disk, and data disk. For each of them, those colours are used.
Green - space available.
Red - space used.
This page contains the traffic graphs for the last 24 hours, divided by zone. Hence, depending on the zones enabled and configured, this page will contain 2, 3, or 4 boxes, each with one graphs. Like for the System graphs, the graphs are accompanied with a legend of the data displayed:
Green - the outgoing traffic.
Blue - the incoming traffic
Below the graphs, also the summary of the average, maximum, and current amount of data transmitted and received is displayed and updated in real time.
When clicking on one of the graphs, a new page will open, with summaries of the data flown through the Endian Hotspot Appliance for the last day, week, month, and year. The data shown are the same in all the graphs: Incoming and outgoing traffic in blue and green respectively. In
Hint
To go back to the page with all the zone’s graphs, click on the BACK hyperlink on the bottom of the page.
The access statistics of the HTTP proxy during the last 24 hours are shown here. There are no graphs in this page if the HTTP proxy service in not active and has never been enabled. However, if the service has been running even for a short period during the last year, the data produced are still accessible by clicking on the graph. Similarly to the other graphs, older statistics are shown for the last day, week, month, and year. In this page, a click on the BACK hyperlink on the bottom allows to go back to the main page.
Note
To show the proxy graphs, HTTP proxy logging must be enabled under Proxy ‣ HTTP ‣ Configuration ‣ Log settings, by ticking the Enable logging checkbox. Also queried terms and useragents can be logged to produce more detailed logs and graphs.
After the HTTP proxy has been enabled, the four boxes show the following data:
Total traffic per day: the amount of data flown through the Endian Hotspot Appliance’s proxy service. In green is show the outgoing traffic, while in blue the incoming traffic.
Total Accesses per Day. The number of HTTP requests, depicted in blue, received by the Endian Hotspot Appliance.
Cache hits per day. The number of cache data requested
Cache hits ratio over 5 minutes per day. The number of cache data requested during a five minutes period.
This page shows a table containing the list of current connections from, to, or going through the Endian Hotspot Appliance. The data shown here are devised by the kernel conntrack table. The following colours are employed in the table and used as the background of the cells in the table to denote the source and destination of the connection.
Green, red, orange, and blue are the zones governed by the Endian Hotspot Appliance.
Black is used for connections involving the firewall, including daemons and services, like e.g., SSH or web accesses).
Purple shows connections using VPN.
The data displayed in the table are the following.
The IP from which the connection has originated.
The port from which the connection has originated.
The IP to which the connection is directed.
The port to which the connection is directed.
The protocol used in the connection, which is typically tcp or udp.
The current status of the connection, meaningful only for TCP connections. They are defined in RFC 793, significant states are ESTABLISHED (connection is active) and CLOSE (no connection).
How long will the connection remain in that particular status.
Hint
The page refreshes automatically every 5 seconds.
Each IP address and each IP port in the table can be clicked to obtain useful information. Clicking on the IP address will launch a whois query that will display who the owner of the IP address is and where it is located. Clicking on the port number will open the Internet Storm Center web page, with information about the port (i.e., the purpose for which it is used) and about which services or malware (e.g., Trojans, viruses) may exploit that port and the number of attacks received on those ports by various servers worldwide.
When on the Endian Hotspot Appliance the OpenVPN server is running, this page shows the connected users, the time stamp since when they are connected, and the possible actions that can be carried out. Currently, only to disconnect the user.
This page shows the current e-mail queue. All emails that are being sent by the event notifications or hotspot modules will show up here. With no e-mails in the queue, the message Mail queue is empty is displayed, but when some e-mail is there, it is possible to flush the queue by clicking on the Flush mail queue button.